MIT-ի մի խումբ հետազոտողներ ստեղծել են մի ծրագրային համակարգ, որը կարողանում է գտնել ծրագրային սխալներ և վերացնել դրանք: Ծրագիրը կարողանում է ինքնուրույն փոփոխություն կատարել ցանկացած լեզվով գրված կոդի մեջ` առանց ծրագրային կոդի ներկայացման: Միակ խնդիրն այն է, որ ծրագիրն աշխատում է միայն Windows օպերացիոն համակարգում:
Ծրագիրը ներկայացնող PDF ֆայլը կարող եք կարդալ կամ ներբեռնել այստեղից:
Ակնհայտ է, թե ինչքան լայն տարածում կարող է գտնել այս ծրագիրը: Բայց ինչո՞ւմն կայանում ծրագրի էությունը:
Իմաստը հետևյալն է. ենթադրենք ունենք «Deployed Software», որը ClearView-ի կողմից գտնվում է հսկողության տակ` պարբերաբար ստուգվելով բուֆեռի ծանրաբեռնվածության, կասկածելի փոխանցումների և այլ ոչ ցանակլի երևույթների նկատմամբ: Բայց այս երևույթը նոր չէ: Սովորաբար նման դեպքերում ծրագիրը խափանվում է, իսկ կրկնության դեպքում` արգելափակվում:
Այստեղ իրականում կան երկու խնդիրներ`
1. Եթե համակարգը high availability է, ապա ծրագրի խափանման կամ արգելափակման մասին խոսք լինել անգամ չի կարող:
2. Առանց ClearView օգտագործելու էլ սովորաբար սխալների արգելափակման գործընթացը շատ երկար չի տևում. ծրագրավորողները շատ արագ ստեղծում են համապատասխան թարմացումը (patch):
Նորությունն այն է, որ ClearView-ն “խոստանում է” վերացնել թերությունները և ծածկել բացերը` առանց օպերացիոն համակարգը վերաբեռնելու(restart) և առանց մարդկային որևէ ազդակի:
ClearView-ն սկզբում հավաքում է տվյալներ այն մասին, թե ինչպես է ծրագիրն աշխատում նորմալ ռեժիմում (այս գործողությունը անվանում են “ինվարիանտ աշխատանք”), հետո հայտանբերում է ակտիվացում և կասկածելի գործոնների դեպքում ավտոմատ կերպով թարմացնում է բինար կոդը` դրանով իսկ փորձելով ծրագիրը վերադարձնել “ինվարիանտ աշխատանքի”: Ծրագիրը կարողանում է ինքնուրույն փորձարկել ծրագրային կոդի շտկման որոշ տարբերակներ, այսինքն միշտ փորձում է ծրագիրը պահել կայուն վիճակում` ներմուծվող տվյալները ֆիլտրացնելու կամ էլ ծրագրային կոդի շտկման ու արգելաձակման միջոցով:
Վարդան Գրիգորյան / iReport.am / blog.grigoryan.biz
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